THE VERB
MEANS OF EXPRESSING UNREALITY
Ex. 1. Объясните употребление форм глагола в следующих предложениях:
1. I don’t know how he found it out.
2. He was a little surprised that she should not believe him.
3. At the office he gave instructions that inquiries should be made about a young person called Lisette.
4. Didn’t she know that you were married?
5. I gave orders that he shouldn’t be allowed on the premises.
6. She wanted to go to see him off, but he had been very insistent
that she shouldn't.
7. I thought I should get over it but I still feel offended.
8. I think he was determined that nothing should interfere with his
independence of spirit.
9. They arranged that Grace should tell her parents that she was engaged to be
married.
10. I think my sister’s singing has greatly improved.
11. When he was told that she had gone to Aberdeen, he was glad that she should look
at the shops and perhaps visit a cinema.
12. He had never suggested that I should visit them.
13. She had a feeling that something frightening was being kept from her.
14. Laura insisted that we should put the party off.
15. He was so anxious that the boy should not go to California.
16. I suggest that you have your foot seen to at once.
17. Con insisted that I be also present.
Ex. 2. Supply the necessary forms of the verbs in brackets in the following object clauses:
1. He suggests that I (to try) something of a more serious nature.
2. He only requested that he (to allow) to see the heads of some departments.
3. Doris requires of a man only that he (to be) clever.
4. Brady proposed that they (to walk) down to the sea wall.
5. I saw that I (to be) mistaken in believing that Uncle Nick (to be) ill.
6. They decided that Laura (to have) the nourishing food that had been ordered her.
7. He was annoyed that they (to choose) the day of his departure for the party.
8. I’m glad that you (to drop) in.
9. Charles insisted that we (to keep) secret even the most remote mention of the idea.
10. It was lunchtime. He knew that they (to be) safely occupied for an hour at least.
11. He was determined that his enemies (to pay).
12. I was a little surprised that such a little boy (to read) the life of Milton.
She soon discovered that he never (to see) the Statue of Liberty or any of the museums in New York.
14. She asked that her affair never (to speak) of.
Rupert was anxious that there (to be) no appearance of coldness on Hilda’s part. 16.Propriety demanded that I (to represent) at the game in person.
17. I’ve made up my mind that Meg (to send) for.
Ex. 3. Translate the following into English using the appropriate verb forms in object clauses:
1. Потом он предложил прекратить дискуссию и поговорить о чем-нибудь другом.
2. Мою мать звали Лидия, и она всегда настаивала, чтобы мы называли ее этим именем.
3. После ужина он предложил пойти в кино, но она отказалась.
4. Он сердится, что я влюбился в его сестру.
5. Они все согласились, что надо что-то делать с мальчиком.
6. Отец хотел идти пешком, но мама настояла, чтобы мы поехали на машине.
7. В открытке он предлагал, чтобы они встретились в Национальной галерее.
8. Он настаивал на том, чтобы я взял отпуск.
9. Она надеялась, что сможет убраться в кухне утром.
10. Я не понимал, почему он так сердится.
11. Как только мы сели, он потребовал, чтобы свечи убрали-
12. Чарльз посоветовал, чтобы мы поели и потом пошли в театр-
13. 0h попросил, чтобы мы не занимали этот вечер.
14. Я был встревожен, что он не позвонил мне.
15. 0h спросил меня, вернусь ли я в Лондон через неделю.
16. Я предложил пообедать вместе.
17. Ее мать пригласила их остановиться у нее, но Энн настаи-' вала, чтобы они пошли в гостиницу.
18. Я рад, что вы так хорошо думаете о моем сыне.
19. Он устроил, чтобы Эдвард поехал в Италию на год или на два.
20. Я дал распоряжение Эми, чтобы она взялась за эту задачу.
21. Он предпочитал, чтобы Кэт приглашала своих друзей в дом.
22. Ронни решил, что я должен познакомиться с его девушкой в этот вечер.
Ex. 4. Explain the use of the verb forms in object clauses subordinated to the principal clause with it as subject:
1. It was important that no sound should give warning of their approach.
2. It’s absolutely essential that you shouldn't breathe a word.
3. It puzzled me that such a young girl should so insistently occupy his thoughts.
4. It seemed necessary that his friends should be kept away from interfering with his work.
5. It was unlikely that he would take any steps against his brother.
6. After lunch it was proposed that they should all go to the lake.
7. It was possible that her only feeling was one of hurt pride.
8. It’s not likely that they should exchange addresses.
9. It was agreed that he should be the first to speak.
10. It was inevitable that Danny should, sooner or later, pass through the town.
11. It’s only natural that a mother should not wish to be parted from her children.
12. It infuriated me that there had been considerable newspaper coverage concerning Mr Haskin’s visit.
13. It was improbable that Bart should buy pictures.
14. It is advisable that she should have someone to look after her.
15. It was explained to me that I was an ungrateful child who had consistently rejected the kindness offered by my ailnt and uncle.
16. It was very odd that we should have met in my aunt’s house.
Ex. 5. Supply the necessary forms of the verbs in brackets in object clauses subordinated to the principal clause with it as subject:
1. He had spent the first part of the night lying rigid and telling himself how important it was that he (to sleep).
2. It’s wonderful that they (to give) you a present.
3. It was arranged that his wife (to join) him in six months.
4. It was all wrong that someone so young (to be) so ill.
5. It was inevitable that the conversation with Ned (to turn) upon crime.
6. It’s not fair that the girl (to send) to bed so early on a day like this.
7. She listened in silence to Mel’s explanation why it was essential that he (to remain) at the airport.
8. It had long been decided that I (to spend) a fourth year at Cambridge doing psychology.
9. It was advisable that she (to continue) the treatment.
10. It was demanded that I (to tell) them all that had passed at the conference.
11. It was possible that she (to find) it pleasant to be in our company.
12.It was unnatural the way he (to keep) his feeling in check.
13. Arthur said: “It seems to me almost a pity that the church (to forbid) priests to marry.”
14. After their talk it was urgent that she (to see) her husband.
15. It was amazing that this coarse man (to be) so worried about a dog.
16. It was arranged that I (to pick) up Hudson at his flat after lunch.
17. It was suggested that we (to stay) where we were till it was light.
18. It is obviously necessary that an investigation (to make).
Ex.6. Translate the following into English using the appropriate verb forms in object clauses subordinated to the principal clause with it as subject:
1.Прекрасно, что она сама взялась за эту задачу.
2.В конце концов было решено, что они устроят вечеринку-
3.В этом случае весьма существенно, чтобы он не сделал ошибки-
4.Вдруг ему показалось страшно важным, чтобы они не оставили его одного.
5.Было условлено, что мы встретимся у него на квартире.
6.Было нелепо, что она так рассердилась из-за подгоревшего обеда.
7.Они просили, чтобы отец взял девочку с собой.
8.Удивительно, что делает страх с человеком.
9.Хотелось, чтобы он, следуя семейной традиции, поступил в юридическую школу.
10.Она знала, что непременно должна купить себе новое пальто.
Eх. 7. Explain the use of the verb forms in object clauses after to wish and translate the sentences into Russian:
1.1 wish I had a lab of ray own.
She almost wished she hadn't asked them to dinner.
3. I wish I could drop the whole matter.
4. I wish it had happened to anyone but you.
5. I wish you had brought your sister with you.
6. “I wish Paul could have stayed a few minutes,” I said.
7. He wished they would let him enjoy his dinner in peace.
8. Oh, how I wish it would rain!
9. I wish you wouldn’t be so horrid, Willy, just when I’m so miserable.
Ex. 8. Supply the necessary forms of the verbs in brackets in object clauses after to wish:
1. Bill, you’re up to something. I wish I (to know) what it is.
2. Mel wished he (to know) earlier what Tom had just told him.
3. He wished that it all never (to happen) at all and that things (to be) as they once had been.
4. I wish I (can) settle down to something.
5. I wish I (to have) a jeep, that’s all.
6. I wish I (to be) quite sure that she is altogether honest.
7. “I wish I (to have) a cigarette. That’s more important to me just now,” said Jack.
8. We wish to goodness the thing (can) be patched up.
9. I wish you (to go) up and (to see) Willy.
10. I now began to wish that I (not to take) Monty into my confidence.
11. I wished he (not to ask) that question.
12. “Have you got my letter?” “Yes. I wish you (not to write) it.”
13. She almost wished it (to be) an ordinary day and that there (to be) no such things as holidays.
14. I wish I (can) go round the world.
15. I wish you (to ask) her a question or two about her parents.
16. At the first sight of his host Andrew almost wished he (not to come).
Ex. 9. Translate the following into English using the appropriate verb forms in object clauses after wish:
1. Как бы я хотел, чтобы твоя дочь была немножко похожа на тебя.
2. Я бы хотел, чтобы ты пришел к тому или иному решению,
3. Ему очень хотелось, чтобы этот вечер уже кончился.
4. Я иногда жалею, что ты решил написать эту книгу, Хью.
5. Мне бы хотелось, чтобы у нас был настоящий сад.
6. 0 Боже, как я жалею, что сделал это.
7. Я бы очень хотел, чтобы Вилли изменил свое решение и не брался за немецкий язык.
8. Он просто не знал, как утешить жену.
9. Я бы хотел, чтобы ты снова начал писать стихи.
10. Я бы очень хотел, чтобы у большего числа людей у нас на работе было твое чувство юмора, Джек.
11. Ей было жаль, что она не могла слышать, что говорилось внизу.
12. Как бы мне хотелось, чтобы он перестал писать мне.
13. Как жаль, что я не застал его дома.
14. Я пожалела, что рассказала им о себе.
Ex. 10. Explain the use of the verb forms in object clauses after it is time and translate the sentences into Russian:
Don’t you think it’s time you got a job?
Come along. It’s time we had lunch.
It’s high time we started putting our own house in order.
They were saying in the office that it was about time Walker retired.
“It’s high time you were sacked, boy,” the foreman said angrily’
Ex. 11. Translate the following into English using the appropriate verb forms in object clauses after it is time:
1. Пора бы нам идти.
2. Ему давно пора бы объяснить нам, что он задумал.
3. Его давно пора проучить.
4. Когда я проснулся, я почувствовал, что мне самое время вызвать доктора.
5. В самом деле, нам пора пообедать.
6. Ему было сказано на людях, что пора бы ему научиться делать так, как ему велят.
7. Тебе давно пора выбросить эту старую мебель.
8. Как ты думаешь, не пора ли нам вернуться к гостям?
Ex. 12. Explain the use of the verb forms in object clauses after expressions of fear:
1. She was afraid that he had seen her.
2. He was afraid that he might be taken for a burglar.
3. Не felt apprehensive of what might happen.
4. She is afraid that they may not meet her at the station.
6. I’m afraid the news has upset her awfully. He seemed nervous lest he should set his son a bad example.
7. I passed the door quickly, fearful lest the nurse who sat up all night should hear me.
8. I said: “You know, doctor, I’m afraid I might tend to be a little inquisitive sometimes.”
Ex. 13. Supply the necessary forms of the verbs in brackets in object clauses after expressions of fear:
1. “It’s time you went to bed, dear.” “I’m afraid my husband (to call) me up from New York yet.”
2. I’m afraid we (to have) bad news for you.
3. She was afraid he (to leave) without seeing her.
4. When the plane touched down he began to have apprehension lest he (fo miss) her in the crowd.
5. She was overcome with fear that I (to let) her down. 6.
She was overcome with fear lest I (to let) her down.
7. I’m afraid you (not to have) a pleasant journey.
8 He feared lest his landlord (to betray) him to the Germans.
9. Paula, fearful that the opening door (to strike) the little girl, pulled her aside.
10. I had a feeling of terror lest he never (to be) able to play in public again.
11. They had made a date for the following Friday night and he feared lest she (not to come).
Ex. 14. Revision: supply the necessary forms for the verbs in brackets;
1. It was agreed that he (to start) on his new job on Monday.
2.I’m afraid I (not to make) my point clear.
3. I wish you (to have) a serious talk with Paula.
4. Then he asked if I (to be) a foreigner to these parts.
5. I suggested that she (to take) off her coat and (to move) to. wards the fire.
6. It was surprising that she (to make) friends with our boys.
7. It’s important that I myself (to speak) with your captain.
8. I feared lest I (not to get) back in time.
9. It outraged me that he (to remind) me of my duty.
10. She was disappointed that he (not to come) to the party.
11. Do you prefer that I (to stay) here as if nothing had happened?
12. I’m afraid they (to misunderstand) my intention.
13. It’s odd how little, if at all, our days (to vary) here.
14. I wish I never (to meet) you.
15. Tom seemed very worried, and insisted that we (to stop) playing and (to go) home.
16. I’m afraid I (not to sleep) well.
17. It was arranged that Mr Dodd (to have) a room at the local pub.
18. It’s about time we (to hear) from him.
19. I was determined that Charles (not to do) anything more to upset his father.
20. It’s important that children (to teach) to know the right things from the very beginning.
21. I wish you (to think) of something else.
22.It surprised me that after such a journey he (to look) in first-class physical condition.
23. It’s funny that you (to think) so.
24. I wish her face (not to make) up so heavily. She’s not on the stage.
25. I thought that he (to change) very much.
26. It’s high time Bill (to be) back home.
27. I felt puzzled why he (to be) so troubled.
28.He turned sharply to see if I (to cry) or something.
29. I wish you (to be) serious, Clare. We haven’t much time befor6 the train starts.
30. They recommended that I (to go) and (to see) him at once.
31. I wish you (to stop) laughing.
32. It’s not at all necessary that I (to explain) anything to you.
33.I was afraid that Father (to be) upset when I broke the news to him.
34. Of course it was quite possible that Mrs Lee (to be) badly ill.
35. I wish you (not to catch) that dreadful cold.
36. He wanted to ask if Lament (to be) left-handed.
37. It’s advisable that you (to talk) to the old man in a quiet relaxed tone.
38. I wished he (to come) to a decision.
39. It’s necessary that you (to find) a specialist who could deal with it.
40. The officer ordered that the bridge (to destroy) at dawn.
41. It’s surely advisable that you (not to quarrel) at a time like this.
42. He thought it (to be) quite proper that his children (to go) to a public school.
43. He was anxious that you (to know) the truth.
44. He decided that his son (to have) a proper education.
45. They demanded that the doctor (to tell) them what was the matter.
46. He had given instructions that everything possible (to do).
47. I do wish it (to rain).
48. I was ashamed that he (to tell) lies.
49. I did wish I (to bring) my camera with me.
Keys:
The Verb: Means of Expressing Unreality
Ex. 2.
1. (should) try
2. (should) be allowed
3. (should) be
4. (should) walk
5. had been, was
6. should have
7. should have chosen (had chosen)
8. dropped
9. (should) keep
10. were (would be)
11. should pay
12. should be (was) reading
13. had ... seen
14. should ... be spoken
15. should be
16. (should) be represented
17. (should) be sent
Ex. 3.
1. He then suggested that we should drop (drop) the discussion and talk about
something else.
2. My mother’s name was Lydia, and she always insisted that we should call (call) her
by this name.
3. After supper he suggested they should go (go) to a movie, but she refused.
4. He is angry that I (should) have fallen in love with his sister.
5. They all agreed that something should be done about the boy.
6. My father wanted to walk, but my mother insisted that we should go (go) in the car.
7. He suggested on a postcard that they should meet (meet) in the National Gallery.
8. He insisted that I should take (take) a holiday.
9. She hoped that she would be able to clean the kitchen in the morning.
10. I didn’t understand why he should be (was) so angry.
11. As soon as we sat down he demanded that the candles should be removed (beremoved).
12. Charles advised that we should have (have) a meal and then go to a theatre.
13. He requested that we should keep (keep) the evening free.
14. I was alarmed that he had not called me up.
15. He asked me if I should be back in London in a week.
16. I suggested that we should dine (dine) together.
17. Her mother invited them to stay with her but Ann insisted that they should go (go) to a (the) hotel.
18. I’m glad that you (should) think so highly of my son.
19. He arranged that Edward should go (go) to Italy for a year or two.
20. I gave orders to Amy that she should undertake (undertake) the task.
21. He preferred that Kate should invite her friends to the house.
22. Ronny decided that I should meet (meet) his girl that night.
should sleep (sleep)
2. should have given (gave)
3. should join (join)
4. should be (was)
5. should turn (turn)
6. should be sent (is sent)
7. should remain (remain)
8. should spend
9. should continue (continue)
10. should tell (tell)
11. found
12. kept
13. should forbid (forbids)
14. should see (see)
15. should be (was)
16. should pick (pick)
17. should stay (stay)
18. should be made (be made)
Ex. 6.
1. It’s admirable that she herself undertook (should have undertaken) the task.
2. In the end it was decided that they should arrange a party.
3. In this case it is essential that he shouldn’t make a mistake.
4. Suddenly it seemed terribly important to him that they should not leave him alone.
5. It was arranged that we should meet at his flat.
6. It was absurd that she had got (should have got) so angry over a burnt dinner.
7. It was requested that the father should take the girl away with him.
8. It is surprising what fear does to a man.
9. It was desirable that he should go to a law school following the family tradition.
10. She knew it was urgent (imperative) that she should buy herself a new coat.
Ex. 8.
1. knew
2. had known
3. had ... happened, were
4. could
5. had
6. were
7. had
8. could
9. would go, (would) see
10. had not taken
11. had ot asked
12. hadn’t written
13. were, were
14. could
15. would ask
16. had not come
Ex. 9.
1.I wish that your daughter were just a little like you.
2.I wish you’d make up your mind one way or another.
3.He wished the evening were already over.
4.I sometimes wish you hadn’t decided to write that book, Hugh.
5.I do wish we had a proper garden.
6.Oh, God, how I wish I’d never done it.
7.I do wish Willy would change his mind about taking up German.
8.He wished he knew how to console his wife.
9.I wish you would start writing poems again.
10.I wish more people in the office had your sense of humour, Jack.
11.She wished she could hear what they were saying downstairs.
12. I wish he would stop writing to me.
13.I wish I had found him at home'.
14. I wished I had not told them about my life.
Ex. 11.
1.It’s time we were off.
2.It’s high time he explained to us what he is up to.
3.It’s about time he were taught a lesson.
4.When I woke I felt it was time I called a doctor.
5.It’s really about time we had dinner.
6.He was told in public that it was time he learned to do as he was told.
7.It’s high time you got rid of that old furniture.
8.Don’t you think it is time we joined the guests?
Ex. 13.
1. may call
2. have
3. would (might) leave
4. should miss
5. might let
6. should let
7. did not have
8. should betray
9. might strike
10. should ... be.
11. shouldn’t come.
Ex. 14.
1. should start
2. haven’t made
3. would have
4. was (were)
5. should take (take), should move
6. had made (should have made)
7. should speak (speak)
8. should not get
9. reminded (should remind)
10. had not come (move)
11 should stay
12. may misunderstand (misunderstood)
13. (should) vary
14. had ... met
15. should stop (stop), (should) go
16. didn’t sleep
17. should have
18. heard
19. shouldn’t do
20. should be taught (be taught)
21. would think
22. looked
23. (should) think
24. were not made
25. had changed
26. were
27. should be (was)
28. was (were) crying
29. would be
30. should go (go), (should) see
31. would stop
32. should explain (explain)
33. might (would) be
34. was
35. hadn’t caught
36. was (were)
37. should talk (talk)
38. would come
39. should find (find)
40. should be destroyed (be destroyed)
41. should not quarrel
43. was, should go
44. should know
45. should have
46. should tell (tell)
47. should be done
48. would rain
49. was (should be) telling
50. had brought
Использеамая литература: И. П. Крылова "Сборник Упражнений По Грамматике Английского языка", учебное пособие, Москва 2001.