Чем отличается though от although

Although and though

Мы используем although or though в английском разговорном языке, когда мы хотим сказать, что есть неожиданный контраст между тем, что произошло в главном предложении и что произошло в придаточное предложение:

• Though/Although Ralf has failed his game, he helped James to win his one, (or Ralf has failed his game, he helped James to win his one.)
• They bought a motorbike, though/although they weren’t still old enough to learn to ride, (or they weren’t still old enough to learn to ride.)

Обычно мы можем использовать либо though/although, но though употребляется реже в формальном языке. Though также может быть использован, как наречие, что бы сказать, что информация в предложении контрастирует с информацией в предыдущем предложении

• Peggy eats most poultry products. She is not keen on chicken, though, (но не ...although.)
• 'Those cutlets smell so delicious!' 'They taste awful, though, doesn't it?' (но не ...although...)

Мы можем выделить прилагательное или наречие, поставив его перед, though/although, особенно когда они идут за связующими глаголами, такими как prove, sound, seem, look, become, appear, be, и т.д. Обратите внимание, что в этой модели предложения вы не можете использовать хотя. Сравните:

• Though/although the evening air wasn’t warm, my guests slept soundly, и
• Warm though (or as) the evening air was, my guests didn’t sleep soundly, (но не Warm although the evening air...)
• Though/although it might seem unusually, Minsk had more rain than London и
• Unusually though (or as) it might seem, Minsk had less snow than London, (но не Unusually although it might seem...)

Much as используется подобным образом перед придаточным предложением, особенно когда говориться о том, как мы относимся к кому- либо или чему-либо:
• Much as we were delighted to be at the party, we were looking forward to go back home. (= Although we were delighted...)
even if and even though

Мы можем использовать even though ( но не 'even although') в значении 'несмотря на то, что' и even if в значении "даже если". Сравните:

• Even though Towson and his friend John didn't speak Italian, we thought they could still visit Rome.= Despite the fact that they didn't speak Italian i.e. The speaker knew that Towson and his friend John didn't
• Even if Towson and his friend John didn't speak Italian, we thought they could still visit Rome.
= Whether or not they spoke Italian i.e. The speaker didn't know definitely whether Towson and his friend John spoke Italian or not