√ The rules for the analysis.
√ Derivational & Functional Affixes Compared..
Consult your lectures on lexicology first.
e.g. ungentlemanly = gentlemanly
gentlemanly — gentleman + ly
gentleman — gentle + man
The rules for the analysis are:
- every cut should produce binary opposition;
- every cut should come at a particular place in such a way that it preserves meaning of the parts which are left.
Derivational & Functional Affixes Compared.
Derivational affixes lie on the border-line between grammar & lexicology. They serve to create new classes of words , new parts of speech which are lexico-grammatical classes of words.
Functional affixes are studied only in grammar. Actually in many cases they are very similar & even come as homonyms. We have derivational suffix ’’-en” (woolen) and functional suffix "-en" (lengthen).
A word created with the help of derivational affixes is capable of further derivation (foolishness). No derivation is possible after the functional affix.
There is difference in number & valency of the three main types of morphemes: roots, derivation affixes & functional affixes. The roots are by far most numerous, the number of derivational affixes does not go beyond a few scores functional - are hardly 10.
The valency or the power to combine with other words is in vast proportion to their numbers. Functional elements can be attached to any word belonging to this or that part of speech.
Parts of Speech. Principles of Classification of the Parts of Speech.